What is malignant hyperthermia?

Malignant hyperthermia is best described as a rare genetic disorder that can lead to a severe reaction to certain anesthetic agents, particularly volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. This condition is triggered by an abnormal response in skeletal muscle to these agents, resulting in a rapid increase in body temperature, muscle rigidity, and metabolic acidosis. It typically presents during or after exposure to triggering agents during surgery.

The genetic aspect of malignant hyperthermia is crucial; it is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning that if a person carries the gene mutation, they have a significant risk of developing the condition when exposed to the specified anesthetics. Recognizing susceptible individuals can help avoid triggering episodes in clinical settings. This understanding is essential for anesthesiologists and surgical teams to implement precautionary measures or prepare for possible crises during surgeries.